Marissa+Marrapese+-+Reinforcing+Effort+and+Providing+Feedback

Reinforcing Effort and Providing Recognition:
These are activities that are extremely important in motivating students. This set of instructional strategies is different from the others, however, because it is related to attitudes and beliefs of students instead of their cognitive skills. The role that student effort plays in enhancing achievement is significant, and teachers must help students make that connection. When students are taught about and experience the relationship between effort and achievement, they are much more likely to be successful. Recognition is also a proven motivator, especially when it is contingent on successful attainment of a specific level of performance.



Recommended Strategies:

 * ==explicitly teach students that effort can improve achievement ==
 * ask students to chart effort and achievement
 * establish a rationale for recognition
 * follow guidelines for effective and ineffective praise
 * use recognition tokens
 * use the pause, prompt, and praise technique

The Three P's

 * Pause
 * to talk about the issue that the student is having
 * Prompt
 * with specific information to help the student improve
 * Praise
 * if student improves with prompt



Research Studies on Reinforcing Effort:
Students' beliefs and attitudes have a significant effect on their success or failure in school.


 * Not all students know the connection between effort and achievement.
 * Student achievement can increase when teachers show the relationship between an increase in effort to an increase in success.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Rewards for accomplishment can improve achievement when the rewards are directly linked to successful attainment of understood performance standard.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">A critical decision for teachers is how to provide recognition. Abstract or symbolic recognition has more impact than tangible things, such as gum, movie tickets, or prizes.

media type="youtube" key="pcWxiSUf6tw" height="390" width="480" align="center"

Research on Providing Feedback:
<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Providing the right kind of feedback to students can make a significant difference in their achievement.There are two key considerations.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">First, feedback that improves learning is responsive to specific aspects of student work. It extends the opportunity to teach by alleviating misunderstanding and reinforcing learning
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">test or homework answers, and provides specific and related suggestions
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">There needs to be a strong link between the teacher comment and the student's answer, and it must be instructive
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Second, the feedback must be timely
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">no more than a day after a test or homework assignment has been turned in, it will increase the window of opportunity for learning


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">When feedback is corrective in nature, it explains where and why students have made errors. Significant increases in student learning occur
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Feedback has been shown to be one of the most significant activities a teacher can engage in to improve student achievement
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Asking students to continue working on a task until it is completed and accurate
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Effective feedback is timely. Delay in providing students feedback diminishes its value for learning
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Administer tests to optimize learning. Giving tests a day after a learning experience is better than testing immediately after a learning experience
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Rubrics provide students with helpful criteria for success, making desired learning outcomes clearer to them



<span style="color: #b80f67; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: left;">COMMENT:
Shirley - I like the format ;) very informative, the video is adorable, I really like the wordle, and the pictures are great. Diana- I LOVE THE VIDEO!!!! haha... ( that was my favorite movie when i was small). Your information is very accurate and i like the 3 p's . it an easy quick way to remember the point of praise and encouragement.